During what time frame does the Afternoon Effect typically occur?

The Afternoon Effect typically occurs between 1400 and 1500 local time. This phenomenon is observed in oceanographic and acoustic data, particularly in how sound propagation is influenced by the environmental conditions prevalent during the early to mid-afternoon hours.

During this timeframe, changes in temperature and salinity profiles in the water column can affect sound speed, leading to variations in acoustic performance and detection. As the sun heats the surface, temperature gradients may develop, causing sound waves to behave differently compared to other times of the day. This effect is essential for oceanographers and acousticians to consider when analyzing data or conducting experiments, as it can significantly impact the accuracy of sonar measurements and underwater communications.

Understanding the timing of the Afternoon Effect helps practitioners adjust their methodologies and interpret their findings appropriately, ensuring that they account for these daily variations in ocean acoustics.