What is the emission of light by living organisms called?

The emission of light by living organisms is known as bioluminescence. This phenomenon occurs when certain biochemical reactions take place in organisms, leading to the production of light. Bioluminescence is most commonly observed in marine organisms such as jellyfish, certain types of fish, and various kinds of microorganisms, but it can also be seen in some terrestrial organisms like fireflies.

In bioluminescence, the light emitted is a result of a chemical reaction that involves a light-emitting molecule called luciferin and an enzyme called luciferase. When these two components react in the presence of oxygen, they produce light, which can serve various ecological purposes, such as attracting mates, deterring predators, or luring prey.

Understanding bioluminescence is crucial in fields like ecology, environmental science, and marine biology, as it offers insights into the adaptations and behaviors of various species in different habitats.