What is the term for wind blowing upward away and being replaced by cooler air off the water?

The term for wind blowing upward away and being replaced by cooler air off the water is upwelling. Upwelling occurs when surface winds push warm surface water away from an area, allowing cooler, nutrient-rich water from the depths of the ocean to rise and replace it. This process not only affects local temperatures but also has significant implications for marine ecosystems, as the nutrient-rich water promotes higher productivity and supports abundant marine life. In areas where upwelling is prevalent, such as along coastlines, it can lead to increased fishing yields and biodiversity. Understanding this phenomenon is essential in oceanography and environmental science, as it highlights the interactions between atmospheric and oceanic processes.